Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar os carotenoides totais, os fenólicos totais e a atividade antioxidante de 'UENF SD 08' (milho superdoce) e compará-los com os de 'UENF50611' (milho comum). O conteúdo de carotenoides totais foi determinado de acordo com Rodriguez-Amaya, o de fenólicos totais pelo método de Folin-Ciocalteau e a atividade antioxidante pelo método de sequestro de radicais livres de 2,2-difenil-1-picrilhidrazila (DPPH). Para 'UENF SD 08', os valores médios foram: 936,76±16,34 µg 100 g−1 para carotenoides, 346,0±3,80 mg 100 g−1 para fenólicos e 45,53±0,01% para atividade antioxidante. Para 'UENF50611', os valores médios foram: 1.173,38±21,66 µg 100 g−1 para carotenoides, 563,33±7,97 mg 100 g−1 para fenólicos e 59,82±0,11 para atividade antioxidante. O milho 'UENF50611' apresentou maior atividade antioxidante devido aos seus maiores teores de carotenoides e compostos fenólicos; porém, os valores observados para o milho superdoce 'UENF SD 08' estão dentro das faixas já descritas na literatura. 'UENF SD 08' contém menor concentração de carotenoides e compostos fenólicos que 'UENF50611', seu background genético não mutante. Contudo, o milho superdoce apresenta vantagens agronômicas, é considerado fonte dos metabólitos secundários avaliados e seu consumo pode contribuir para dieta com teor mais elevado de antioxidantes.

Abstract The objective of this work was to determine the total carotenoids, total phenolics, and antioxidant activity of 'UENF SD 08' (super-sweet corn) and to compare them with those of 'UENF50611' (field corn). The total carotenoid content was determined according to Rodriguez-Amaya, the total phenolic content by the Folin-Ciocalteau method, and the antioxidant activity by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free-radical scavenging method. For 'UENF SD 08', the average values were: 936.76±16.34 µg 100 g−1 for carotenoids, 346.0±3.80 mg 100 g−1 for phenolics, and 45.53±0.01% for antioxidant activity. For UENF50611, the average values were: 1,173.38±21.66 µg 100 g−1 for carotenoids, 563.33±7.97 mg 100 g−1 for phenolics, and 59.82±0.11% for antioxidant activity. UENF50611 showed a higher antioxidant activity observed due to its higher levels of carotenoids and phenolic compounds; however, the values observed for the 'UENF SD 08' super-sweet corn are within the ranges already described in the literature. 'UENF SD 08' contains a lower concentration of carotenoids and phenolic compounds than 'UENF50611', its nonmutant genetic background. However, the super-sweet corn 'UENF SD 08' has agronomic advantages, is considered a source of the evaluated secondary metabolites, and its consumption can contribute to a diet with a higher content of antioxidants.

Abstract This study described the main characteristics of the maize cultivars UENF MSV2210 and UENF MS2208. Adapted to the North and Northwestern regions of the state of Rio de Janeiro, they have a high agronomic performance and were developed for both silage and green maize production.

ABSTRACT. This study aimed to present the advancements in different breeding stages of super sweet corn (SS), from heterotic field corn populations to the single-cross of SS. Two parental field corn populations, four backcrossed SS populations, four SS intervarietal hybrids (SS-IH), eighteen SS single hybrids (SS-SCH) and two controls were evaluated in two environments over two crop years. The SS-IH and SS-SCH categories presented the highest ear yield, and SS-SCH presented the highest ear yield without husk (11.3 t ha-1). Although SS-SCH was the most productive category, it presented the lowest husk coverage quality. The ear yield and husk cover traits expressed the highest heterosis based on the midparents. The hybrid genotype categories (SS-SCH, SS-IH and controls) had the greatest ear length and diameter, as well as plant and ear height. It was possible to conclude that the techniques used to exploit heterosis are efficient in increasing SS yield but not husk coverage, since this trait requires productive parents. Single-crosses, such as LCSH-116 x LP8HS-129 and LCSH-116 x LP8HS-130, stood out as promising genotypes for registration since they recorded high husk coverage yield and quality.

ABSTRACT The aim of this study is to assess whether there is linear dependence between groups of morphoagronomic and bromatological traits in hybrid silage corn. Nineteen topcross hybrids and five checks were assessed in two different environments in Campos dos Goytacazes and Itaocara counties, Rio de Janeiro State, during the growing seasons 2013/2014. The study followed a randomized blocks design with four replicates. The phenotypic and canonical correlations between the groups of seven morphoagronomic and five bromatological traits were assessed. There is linear dependence between the group pairs of morphoagronomic, and bromatological variables. The morphoagronomic trait green mass yield can be adopted in indirect selection processes to indicate the increased bromatological quality of maize silage based on features such as crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, lignin, crude fat and mineral matter. Topcross hybrids UENF-2208 and UENF-2209 presented high potential for silage yield in the North and Northwest Regions.

Abstract The purpose of this study was to describe the main traits of the super-sweet maize cultivars ‘UENF SD 08’ and ‘UENF SD 09’, which produced higher yields than the control cultivar in the VCU (Value for Cultivation and Use) test series and proved to be competitive under the agro-climatic conditions of Northern and Northwestern Rio de Janeiro State.

ABSTRACT The aim of the present study was to investigate relations among ten traits in super-sweet corn genotypes assessed by means of simple correlation, path and canonical variable analyses, as well as to investigate the relative importance of such traits to the super-sweet corn breeding program developed at Darcy Ribeiro Northern Fluminense State University in order to develop strategies able to improve the efficiency in the selection of superior genotypes. Thus, trials comprising 3 × 6 partial diallel of super-sweet (sh2) corn were carried out, according to a short_textrandomized block design (RBD)short_text with four repetitions, in two different environments located in Northern Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil (Itaocara and Campos dos Goytacazes counties). The correlation study showed that traits such as ear diameter and useful short_textearshort_text length contributed the most to increase short_textearshort_text yield (without husk); the variable ear diameter stood out for having stronger direct effect on ear yield, as well as for presenting high heritability (0.95). The trait number of grains per ear row contributed the most to the variation between hybrids, whereas the trait useful ear length contributed the least. The canonical variables showed that the genetic backgrounds of sh2-gene donor populations had effect on recurrent populations, even after five backcrossing cycles, thus resulting in the formation of two divergent groups.